Traditional authority

Adults are in charge, the way you were raised, and it is not up for discussion.

The oldest position in the instrument and still the most widely held. Respect runs upward, the adults decide, and a child does not need the reasoning to follow the rule. Guidance comes from how you were raised and from the people around you rather than from books. It is rarely chosen deliberately, which is exactly why it is worth naming.

What it asks of you

Not what it promises

Every approach here works for the families it suits; the useful question is what it costs to run.

  • Being comfortable saying "because I said so" and meaning it
  • Holding a position your child's school and friends may contradict
  • Deciding consciously which parts of your own upbringing to keep
  • Separating authority from the physical punishment often bundled with it, which every paediatric body advises against

How it gets misread

Equated with authoritarian harshness. Baumrind's authoritarian quadrant is low-warmth; a great many traditional households are not, and the affection is simply not routed through negotiation.

Axis by axis

Where it stands

Every position with the source it was read from, and the pale band is how much internal variation the approach genuinely tolerates. A wide band is not vagueness — it means the texts in this family really do disagree with each other about that axis.

R1Response to distress
let them work through itstep in and settle them straight away

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

R2Behaviour or feeling
what they didwhat is underneath it

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

R3Physical closeness
their own space, earlycarried, close, sleeping near us

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

D1Structure
we take the day as it comesa predictable rhythm and clear rules

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

D2Who decides
we work it out with themthe adults decide, and explain

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

D3Consequences
no imposed consequences at allthe same consequence, every time

Source: Effective Discipline to Raise Healthy Children

D4Praise and rewards
describing what is therepraising and rewarding freely

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

A1Doing it themselves
doing it for them while they are smallletting them do it badly, from early

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

A2Risk
removing the hazardletting them meet it

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

A3Expectation
their own pace, no pushhigh expectations, and pushing

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

A4How full the week is
unstructured time, boredom is fineactivities, outings, things laid on

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

G1Where guidance comes from
instinct and observationresearch, books, a named method

Wide, because "how I was raised" sits at neither pole of this axis — it is neither a reading of this child nor a method from a book.

Source: Socialization in the Context of the Family

G2Whose needs count
the child's needs come first, alwaysthe adults in the house count too

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

C1Consistency that can be heldwhat your life allows
it varies — by the day, and by who is onthe same line every time

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

C2Bandwidthwhat your life allows
running on emptyhaving room for this

Source: Current Patterns of Parental Authority

Further

What to read

  • Current Patterns of Parental Authority — Diana Baumrind

    Where the authoritarian quadrant is defined, and worth reading for how narrow the definition actually is.

  • Effective Discipline to Raise Healthy Children — American Academy of Pediatrics

    The one place this instrument is not neutral. On physical punishment the evidence is not split.

Compared with

Sources for this row

  1. Current Patterns of Parental Authority

    Diana Baumrind, Developmental Psychology Monographs 4(1), 1971. The original demandingness × responsiveness typology that the authoritative, authoritarian and permissive rows are read off.

  2. Effective Discipline to Raise Healthy Children

    American Academy of Pediatrics policy statement, Pediatrics 142(6), 2018. Cited for the consistency finding on D3, and for the one position in this instrument that is not a preference: physical punishment is advised against, by every body that has looked.

  3. Socialization in the Context of the Family

    Eleanor Maccoby and John Martin, in Handbook of Child Psychology vol. 4, 1983. Completes Baumrind's scheme into the four quadrants by splitting permissive into indulgent and neglecting.

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