Democratic / Sudbury
No curriculum, no classes unless asked for, and children vote on the rules.
The most thoroughgoing position available. There is no curriculum and no timetable; children do what they choose all day, and lessons happen when a child asks for one. The school is run by a meeting in which every child and every staff member has one equal vote, including on rules and on staffing. The claim is that motivation cannot be manufactured and that a child left to find their own will find it.
Not what it promises
Every approach here works for the families it suits; the useful question is what it costs to run.
- Genuine nerve, sustained over years, with no reassuring milestones
- Accepting your child may not read until nine, and being able to live with that
- Explaining the choice to family, and eventually to admissions systems
- Fees, since almost none of these are state-funded
How it gets misread
Described as children doing nothing. The honest version is that children do nothing for a while — the schools say so themselves — and the disagreement is about what happens after.
Where it stands
Every position with the source it was read from, and the pale band is how much internal variation the approach genuinely tolerates. A wide band is not vagueness — it means the texts in this family really do disagree with each other about that axis.
The lowest position on who directs the day that exists as an actual school model.
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Source: Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
What to read
Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School — Daniel Greenberg
The primary account, by a founder. Read the follow-up studies of graduates alongside it.
Free to Learn — Peter Gray
The evolutionary argument for self-directed education, and the strongest case for this row.
Compared with
- Democratic / Sudbury vs Bilingual / international
- Democratic / Sudbury vs Classical
- Democratic / Sudbury vs Faith-based
- Democratic / Sudbury vs Forest school
- Democratic / Sudbury vs Home education
- Democratic / Sudbury vs IB Primary Years
- Democratic / Sudbury vs Mainstream state
- Democratic / Sudbury vs Montessori
Sources for this row
Free at Last: The Sudbury Valley School
Daniel Greenberg, Sudbury Valley School Press, 1987. Primary text for the democratic row: no curriculum, no classes unless requested, and a school meeting where children and staff vote equally.